《过江南·长三角人文之旅》是长三角之声打造的人文艺术类短视频专栏。本期内容将带大家去往著名诗人陆游的故乡绍兴，翻开陆游笔下的乡村世界。

‘Love in Jiangnan-a Cultural Journey in the Yangtze River Delta’ is a humanities and arts short-video-column produced by Radio, Voice of the Yangtze River Delta. In this episode, the blogger bring us to the countryside of Shaoxing where was hometown of Lu You, one of the most famous poets in China. This episode will show the rural world in Lu You’s poetry for the audience .

他是中国留下作品最多的诗人，六十年间万首诗。他是中国最长寿的诗人，享寿85周岁。他是一身武艺的战士：“南沮水边秋射虎，大散关头夜闻角”，也是至死不渝的情朗：“一杯愁绪，几年离索”。他是心忧天下的士大夫：“僵卧孤村不自哀，尚思为国戍轮台”，也是一个喜欢碎碎念的小老头。他叫陆游。

The poet who has left the most works in China is none other than him. He composed nearly 10,000 exquisite poems over the course of six decades. He also was the most venerable poet in China who departed this world at the ripe age of 85. He was skilled warrior wielding a sword, and a spoony lover who remained devoted till the end. He was an erudite scholar with a deep concern for the world, as well as a nagging elderly gentleman. His name is Lu You.

“莫笑农家腊酒浑，丰年留客足鸡豚。山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村”。这首《游山西村》家喻户晓，描写的是早春二月浙东乡间的欢腾景象。那一年，42岁的陆游罢官回乡，他在鉴湖畔的新家刚刚造好。此地位于韩家山、石堰山、行宫山三山环抱之中，因此取名为“三山别业”。

Don’t sneer at the lees in the peasants-wine. In a good year they’ve chicken and pork to offer guests. Where hills bend, streams wind and the pathway seems to end. Past dark willows and flowers in bloom lies another village. The poem ‘A Visit to the Village in the West’ has gained widespread recognition for its vivid depiction of the exuberant rural scenery in early spring in eastern Zhejiang. In that fateful year, at the age of 42, Lu You resigned from office nad returned to his hometown. He just completed the construction of his newly-built residence adjacent of Jian Lake. His newfound abode embraced by the protective arms of Shiyan Mountain,Hanjia Mountain, and Xinggong Mountain. Therefore, the house was named of ‘Three-hill Villa’.

陆游开心地到邻村去遛弯儿，正巧赶上乡亲们在筹备祭祀土地神的春社节，陆游受到了热情的招待。农耕时代，春天对我们祖先有着特别的意义。每到农历二月气温回升、土壤变软，人们开酒宰鸡、吹箫打鼓，祈祷土地之神能够带来一年的好收成。无论过去一年有多么艰难，人们相信，只要土地还在、春天还来，未来就会有无限的希望。

One day, Lu You took a delightful stroll to the neighboring village, where the villagers were busy preparing for a spring festival to honor the god of land. They warmly welcomed him with open arms. In the agricultural era，spring held a special significance for our ancestor. During the second lunar month, when temperatures rose and the soil softened, people would celebrate with wine, chickens, flutes, and drums while praying to the god of land for a bountiful harvest. Regardless of past hardship, farmers found hope in the presence of their land and the arrival of spring.

 

萧鼓追随春社近，衣冠简朴古风存。

They greet the spring sacrifice here with pipes and drums,

And dress simpy, keeping up the old traditions.

——陆游 《游山西村》

“A Visit to the Village in the West”

 

我们知道陆游这一生最大的愿望就是帮南宋皇帝收复北方，可是他却有三十多年的时间都是在乡村度过的。最为读书人，谁不希望“衣锦还乡”？可是他每次回来，不是科举失败，就是官职被罢免。每当他失意的时候，他都想到家乡去。用现在的话来说，就是“城市套路深，我要回农村”。

We know that, Lu You’s greatest wish was to recover the north for the Emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty. However, he ended up spending over 30 years in rural areas instead. As an educated person, who wouldn’t want to ‘make it big’ and return home triumphantly. Yet every time Lu You returned home, he either failed his exams or got fired from his job. Whenever he felt depressed, he longed to return to his hometown. In today’s words, ‘The city is too overwhelming, I long for the countryside’.

 

素衣莫起风尘叹，犹及清明可到家。

Over the dust on my white coat, I sigh;

I may will get home for Bright Day if I haste.

——陆游 《临安春雨初霁》

“Initial Clear After the Spring Rain in Lin’an”

 

在他现存的9300多首诗歌中，相当大一部分都是创作于乡村。翻开陆游的诗集，您会看到一个温情脉脉的乡村世界。每一个在中国乡村生活的人都会感到格外熟悉。人们享受大自然的馈赠，也辛勤耕耘自己的家园。这里有辛苦劳作的相互扶持，也有丰收时节的快乐分享。

Out of his more than 9,300 surviving poems, the vast majority were written in the countryside. When reading Lu You’s poems, you will encounter a profoundly affectionate countryside that evokes a strong sense of familiarity for anyone who has experienced rural life in China. The gifts of nature are cherished by people who also put in diligent efforts to cultivate their own homes. There is mutual support in hard work and joyous sharing in harvest time.

 

浦溆家家钓，村墟点点烟。

Every fisher living near the shore casts fishing lures into the water,

as the village and market adore the air with wisps of rising smoke.

——陆游《秋懹》

“Autumn Thoughts”

 

纤纤麦被野，郁郁桑连村。

In the wild, a tender quilt of wheat delicately unfolds

while the village is intertwined by the lush embrace of flourishing mulberry trees.

——陆游《春晚书斋壁》

“Spring Night in the Study Wall”

 

馈浆怜道暍，裹饭助邻耕。

Bestwoing gruel, our hearts go out to those toiling beneath the searing sun;

Presenting wrapped rice, we aid our neighbors in the struggles of cultivation.

——陆游《村居》

“Rural life”

 

家家新酿美，邻里递相邀。

In every home, a novel elixir of delight is brewed as

neighbors graciously extend invitations, weaving

a tapestry of communal camaraderie.

——陆游《秋晚村舍杂咏》

“Late Autumn Village Chorus”

 

12世纪的浙东乡村并不是与世隔绝的世外桃源，而是一个充满活力的商业社会。茶叶交易在兰亭以北，商船航行在柯桥以西，市船赶集回来带回镇上的货物，也带来外面的新闻。

The villages in eastern Zhejiang during the 12th century were not isolated utopia. Instead, they thrived as vibrant commercial communities. The tea trade was located to the north of Lanting, while merchant ships sailed to the west of Keqiao. Market boats would then return from the market with goods for the town and news from the town and beyond.

 

兰亭之北是茶市，柯桥以西多橹声。

Northward from Lanting unfolds a market where tea is traded.

To the west of Keqiao, the symphony of abundant oars

resonates with the river’s gentle currnet.

——陆游《湖上作》

“Poem on the Lake”

 

惟应水边坐，待得市船回。

I sit by the water’s edge,

waiting for the market boat to return.

——陆游《秋近颇有凉意》

“Autumn Cool Approaching”

 

尽管陆游有皇帝发的“遣散费”，但是一家几十口人，他没有“躺平”的资本。他靠出租田地赚取租金，揭不开锅的时候只能叫停儿子的课业，派他们外出收租。他在房屋四周开垦出菜园、药圃。把蔬菜、药材拿到集市上换钱。对于穷苦的乡邻，他的药材倒是随时施舍，还附带看病，他所到之处人们夹道欢迎。最让他骄傲的是自己传家的藏书还在，他义无教授村里的儿童，使他们不必奔波到外面求学。

Although the emperor gave him a ‘severance package’, Lu You was unable to ‘slack off’ due to his financial responsibility towards numerous family members. He leased out land to earn rental income. When he faced financial difficulties, Lu You had to suspend his sons’ education and send them out to collect rent. He cultivated vegetable gardens and medicical gardens surrounding his house, selling the produce and herbal materials at the market for money. Displaying generosity towards impoverished neighbors, Lu You always provided them with medicinal resources and offered treatment. All these earning him widespread admiration wherever he went. What filled him with utmost pride was the preservation of his family library, through which Lu You selflessly taught children in the village without charge, sparing them from seeking education elsewhere.

 

折花持博酒，种菜卖供家。

With flowers in hand, wine in my cup

Vegetables from the land, and coins from the market.

——陆游《村兴》

“Village Chorus”

 

驴肩每带药囊行，村巷欢欣夹道迎。

With herbs on my donkey, I traveled the land,

and the people welcomed me with smiles and hands.

——陆游《山村径行因施药》

Dispensing Herbal Medicine While Traveling through Mountain Villages

 

垂世诗书在，儿童勿外求。

With an heirloom of poem and books at hand,

I spare my students from searching far and wide.

——陆游《秋夜纪怀》

“An Autumn Night”

 

那一年山西村的出游，陆游还非常矫情地说，“从今若许闲乘月，拄杖无时夜叩门”。谁能想到这句诗竟成了他晚年的真实写照。不过，我们从他最后那些“碎碎念”当中分明能够看出，他最后真的了悟了。他悟到了乡村本不是他的“诗和远方”，而是他自幼生长、相依为命的地方。

On that trip to the village in the west, Lu You expressed in an exaggerated way, ‘Some evening when I’m free and there is moonlight, I shall stroll over with my stick and knock at their gate!’ The verse mentioned above turned out to be an accurate portrayal of LuYou’s late years. However, his nagging and reflections indicates that the countryside is not merely a source of poetry and utopia, but rather the very place where he was raised.